COPD inhalers are the main tool to control breathlessness, cut flare-ups, and keep you out of hospital. The right inhaler plus the right technique makes a huge difference. Below you’ll find clear, practical info: what each type does, how to use it, common side effects, and smart tips to make them work for you.
There are three main device types: metered‑dose inhalers (MDIs), dry powder inhalers (DPIs), and soft‑mist inhalers. MDIs spray a measured dose and often work best with a spacer. DPIs deliver medication as a powder and need a strong, fast inhale. Soft‑mist inhalers give a slow aerosol spray that’s easier to inhale for some people.
Medications fall into two groups: fast‑acting rescue inhalers (short‑acting bronchodilators) and long‑term controllers. Rescue inhalers (like albuterol/salbutamol) open airways quickly for sudden breathlessness. Controllers — long‑acting bronchodilators (LABA, LAMA) and inhaled steroids (ICS) — reduce symptoms and flare‑ups over time. Many people use a combination inhaler (LABA+LAMA or LABA+ICS) for better control.
MDI (with or without spacer): 1) Shake the inhaler and remove the cap. 2) Breathe out fully. 3) Put the mouthpiece in your mouth, press the canister once and inhale slowly for 3–4 seconds. 4) Hold your breath for 5–10 seconds, then breathe out slowly. If you need another puff, wait 30–60 seconds and repeat. Clean the mouthpiece weekly and replace the cap.
DPI: 1) Load the dose as the device instructions say. 2) Exhale away from the mouthpiece. 3) Seal your lips around the mouthpiece and inhale quickly and deeply. 4) Hold your breath for 5–10 seconds. DPIs are not suitable if you can’t inhale sharply.
Always check dose counters. If you’re unsure how to use your device, ask your nurse, pharmacist, or doctor for a quick demo and practice session.
Common side effects are dry mouth, throat irritation, hoarseness, and thrush with inhaled steroids. Rinse your mouth after steroid inhalers and report persistent problems. If you notice tremor, fast heartbeat, or worsening breathing, contact your clinician.
Practical tips: carry your rescue inhaler everywhere, track doses or set reminders for controllers, store inhalers at room temperature away from heat and moisture, and never share devices. When traveling, keep inhalers in your carry‑on. Check expiry dates and refill before the last dose.
When to see help: using your rescue inhaler more than twice a week for symptoms, trouble finishing normal activities, increasing breathlessness, or blue lips/fingers — get urgent care. Ask your clinician about a written action plan so you know when to step up treatment or seek help.
Want help choosing or learning technique? Your pharmacist or doctor can compare devices and give hands‑on tips. Small changes — the right device, correct technique, and a simple routine — make big improvements in daily breathing.
